Louwrentius

Introduction

In the summer of 2017, HP released the Proliant Microserver Gen10. This machine replaces the older Gen8 model.

For hobbyists, the Microserver always has been an interesting device for a custom home NAS build or as a router.

Let's find out if this is still the case.

Price

In The Netherlands, the price of the entry-level model is similar to the Gen8: around €220 including taxes.

CPU

The new AMD X3216 processor has slightly better single threaded performance as compared to the older G1610t in the Gen8. Overall, both devices seem to have similar CPU performance.

The biggest difference is the TDP: 35 Watt for the Celeron vs 15 Watt for the AMD CPU.

Memory

By default, it has 8 GB of unbuffered ECC memory, that's 4 GB more than the old model. Only one of the two memory slots is occupied, so you can double that amount just by adding another 8 GB stick. It seems that 32 GB is the maximum.

Storage

This machine has retained the four 3.5" drive slots. There are no drive brackets anymore. Before inserting a hard drive, you need to remove a bunch of screws from the front of the chassis and put four of them in the mounting holes of each drive. These screws then guide the drive through grooves into the drive slot. This caddy-less design works perfectly and the drive is mounted rock-solid in it's position.

To pop a drive out, you have to press the appropriate blue lever, which latches on to one of the front screws mounted on your drive and pulls it out of the slot.

There are two on-board sata controllers.

00:11.0 SATA controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] FCH SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 49)
01:00.0 SATA controller: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88SE9230 PCIe SATA 6Gb/s Controller (rev 11)

The Marvell controller is connected to the four drive bays. The AMD controller is probably connected to the fifth on-board SATA port.

As with the Gen8, you need a floppy-power-connector-to-sata-power-connector cable if you want to use a SATA drive with the fifth onboard SATA port.

Due to the internal SATA header or the USB2.0 header, you could decide to run the OS without redundancy and use all four drive bays for storage. As solid state drives tend to be very reliable, you may use a small SSD to keep the cost and power usage down and still retain reliability (although not the level of reliability RAID1 provides).

Networking

Just as the Gen8, the Gen10 has two Gigabit network cards. The brand and model is: Broadcom Limited NetXtreme BCM5720

As tested with iperf3 I get full 1 Gbit network performance. No problems here (tested on CentOS 7).

PCIe slots

This model has two half-height PCIe slots (1x and 8x in a 4x and 8x physical slot) which is an improvement over the single PCIe slot in the Gen8.

USB

The USB configuration is similar to the Gen8, with both USB2 and USB3 ports and one internal USB2 header on the motherboard.

Sidenote: the onboard micro SD card slot as found in the Gen8 is not present in the Gen10.

Graphics

The Gen10 has also a GPU build-in but I have not looked into it as I have no use for it.

The Gen10 differs in output options as compared to the Gen8: it supports one VGA and two displayport connections. Those displayport connectors could make the Gen10 an interesting DIY HTPC build, but I have not looked into it.

iLO

The Gen10 has no support for iLO. So no remote management, unless you have an external KVM-over-IP solution.

This is a downside, but for home users, this is probably not a big deal. My old Microserver N40L didn't have iLO and it never bothered me.

And most of all: iLO is a small on-board mini-comuter that increases idle power consumption. So the lack of iLO support should mean better idle power consumption.

Boot

Both Legacy and UEFI boot is supported. I have not tried UEFI booting.

Booting from the 5th internal SATA header is supported and works fine (as opposed to the Gen8).

For those who care: booting is a lot quicker as opposed to the Gen8, which took ages to get through the BIOS.

Power Usage

I have updated this segment as I have used some incorrect information in the original article.

The Gen10 seems to consume 14 Watt at idle, booted into Centos 7 without any disk drives attached (removed all drives after booting). This 14 Watt figure is reported by my external power meter.

Adding a single old 7200 1 TB drive drives power usage up to 21 Watt (as expected).

With four older 7200 RPM drives the entire system uses about 43 Watt according to the external power meter.

As an experiment, I've put two old 60 GB 2.5" laptop drives in the first two slots, configured as RAID1. Then I added two 1 TB 7200 RPM drives to fill up the remaining slots. This resulted in a power usage of 32 Watt.

Dimensions and exterior

Exactly the same as the Gen8, they stack perfectly.

The Gen8 had a front door protecting the drive bays connected to the chassis with two hinges. HP has been cheap on the Gen10, so when you open the door, it basically falls off, there's no hinge. It's not a big issue, the overall build quality of the Gen10 is excellent.

I have no objective measurements of noise levels, but the device seems almost silent to me.

Evaluation and conclusion

At first, I was a bit disappointed about the lack of iLO, but it turned out for the best. What makes the Gen10 so interesting is the idle power consumption. The lack of iLO support probably contributes to the improved idle power consumption.

The Gen8 measures between 30 and 35 Watt idle power consumption, so the Gen10 does fare much better (~18 Watt).

Firewall/Router

At this level of power consumption, the Gen10 could be a formidable router/firewall solution. The only real downside is it's size as compared to purpose-built firewalls/routers. The two network interfaces may provide sufficient network connectivity but if you need more ports and using VLANs is not enough, it's easy to add some extra ports.

If an ancient N40L with a piss-poor Atom processor can handle a 500 Mbit internet connection, this device will have no problems with it, I'd presume. Once I've taken this device into production as a replacement for my existing router/firewall, I will share my experience.

Storage / NAS

The Gen8 and Gen10 both have four SATA drive bays and a fifth internal SATA header. From this perspective, nothing has changed. The reduced idle power consumption could make the Gen10 an even more attractive option for a DIY home grown NAS.

All things considered I think the Gen10 is a great device and I have not really encountered any downsides. If you have no problems putting a bit of effort into a DIY solution, the Gen10 is a great platform for a NAS or Router/Firewall, that can compete with most purpose-build devices.

I may update this article as I gain more experience with this device.

I'm in the process of building a new storage server to replace my 18 TB NAS.

The server is almost finished, it's now down to adding disk drives. I'm using the HGST 4 TB 7200 RPM drive for this build (SKU 0S03356) (review).

I have not bought all drives at once, but slowly adding them in smaller quantities. I just don't want to feel too much pain in my wallet at once I guess.

According to my own tests, this drive has a read/write throughput of 160 MB/s, which is in tune with it's specification.

So the theoretical performance of a RAID 0 with 16 drives x 160 MB/s = 2560 MB/s. That's over 2.5 gigabytes per second.

This is the actual real-life performance I was able to achieve.

root@nano:/storage# dd if=pureawesomeness.dd of=/dev/null bs=1M
1000000+0 records in
1000000+0 records out
1048576000000 bytes (1.0 TB) copied, 453.155 s, 2.3 GB/s

Personally, 2.3 GB/s is not too shabby in my opinion. Please note that I used a test file of one terabyte, so the 16 GB of RAM my server has, doesn't skew the result.

This result is very nice, but in practice almost useless. I can saturate dual 10 Gbit NICs with this system, but I don't have that kind of equipment or any other device that could handle such performance.

But I think it's amazing anyway.

I'm quite curious how the final 24 drive array will perform in a RAID 0.

At work we have a couple of HP MSA P2000 G3 SANs. These are entry-level SANs that still seem to have almost all features you might want from a SAN, except for official SSD-support.

It seems that the new MSA 2040 adds support for SSDs and also provides 4 GB cache per controller instead of the somewhat meager 2GB of the P2000.

Anyway, a very nice feature of the MSA P2000 G3 is the fact that the management interface also provides a well-documented API that allows you to collect detailed stats on subjects like:

• Overall enclosure status
• Reports on failed drives
• Controller CPU usage
• IOPs per controller
• IOPs per vdisk
• IOPs per disk

Thomas Weaver has written a Nagios plugin that does that: it collects this information and in turn you can graph it with pnp4nagios.

In more recent firmware updates HP has added support to monitor read and write I/O latency per vdisk. Latency is an important indicator for application-level performance so I was quite happy with that.

As the plugin by Thomas did not support reading these parameters yet, I spend some time implementing this check and submitted this new version of check_p2000_api.php back to Thomas.

Read Latency of a RAID 6 array

Write Latency of a RAID 6 array

You will notice that the write latency of this disk array is very high at times, which seem to indicate that this vdisk is taxed too much with too many I/O-requests.

I'd like to thank Thomas Weaver for writing this plugin, I think it's very useful.